The Mechanisms of Neochlorogenic Acid (3-Caffeoylquinic Acid) in Improving glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Rats with Insulin Resistance Induced by A High Fat-High Fructose Diet

This study investigated the effects and mechanism of actions neochlorogenic acid (3-caffeoylquinic acid; 3-CQA) on glucose lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat-high fructose diet (HFFD). Male were HFFD (40 % lard 20 fructose) for 16 weeks. At 10th week, split into 3 groups: receiving distilled water (HFFD control group), 3-CQA 50 mg/kg metformin 200 once daily further 6 end treatment, fasting blood (FBG), oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT), profile, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, markers oxidative stress, hepatic triglyceride content measured. Liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle collected histological, gene protein examinations. Compared to group, group exhibited significantly reduced FBG, insulin leptin levels, improved OGTT. Serum adiponectin increased profiles normalized. Hepatic was with decrease droplets liver histological sections. Levels serum SOD CAT activity, MDA reversed by treatment. Moreover, expression adipocyte pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6), lipogenic (SREBP1c, FAS, GPAT), gluconeogenic (PEPCK G6Pase). Additionally, GLUT4 gene, p-AKT p-AMPK muscle. In conclusion, improves plausibly decreasing stress inflammation-induced resistance, downregulating genes, enhancing signaling HFFD-induced insulin-resistant rats. HIGHLIGHTS Neochlorogenic (3-CQA) resistance deceases due its activities ameliorating obesity, tissue inflammation The beneficial improve homeostasis may be mediated via suppression production lipogenesis, activation uptake AKT AMPK pathways GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT